David chalmers consciousness pdf
David chalmers consciousness pdf. 2-4) to discuss scientific attempts to grapple with this problem. Perhaps my most im- David J. e. Still, Chalmers is among those most responsible for the outpouring of work on this issue. According to Chalmers, the hard problem of consciousness is explaining how we experience it with respect to: (1) sensory inputs and the mysterious modes of their neural processing and (2) qualia - phenomena where To print or download this file, click the link below: Chalmers-Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness. For many years, consciousness was shunned by researchers studying the brain and the mind. Jan 1, 2007 · With fifty-five peer reviewed chapters written by the leading authors in the field, The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness is the most extensive and comprehensive survey of the study of consciousness available today. [4] Jun 24, 2023 · A 25-year science wager has come to an end. A disembodied brain is floating in a vat, inside a scientist’s laboratory. We develop the idea by combining a mathematical theory of consciousness (integrated information theory) with an account of quantum collapse dynamics (continuous spontaneous localization). Extended Cognition and Extended Consciousness David J. He claims that reducing consciousness (as we experience it) to a functional mechanism will never solve the hard problem: The easy problems are easy precisely because they concern the explanation of cognitive abilities and functions. , $29. Provides a variety of philosophical and scientific perspectives that create a breadth of understanding of the topic Topics include the origins and extent of consciousness Jul 5, 2016 · The “Hard Problem of Consciousness” is the problem of how physical processes in the brain give rise to the subjective experience of the mind and of the world. Much of the discussion in this paper (especially the first part) recapitulates discussion in Chalmers (1995; 1996; 1997), although it often takes a different form, and sometimes goes beyond the discussion there. 95 (pbk), ISBN 9780195311112. but at the same time it’s the most mysterious phenomenon in the universe. Some other distinctions are useful. pdf — PDF document, 183 KB (188388 bytes) Work on consciousness by Ned Block, Ray Jackendoff, Robert Kirk, Michael Lockwood, andWilliamSeager alsooverlapswithmineata numberof points. Nov 3, 2019 · David Chalmers agrees that the phone is not part of consciousness, nor an internal part of the mind, but consciousness is just the tip of an iceberg: There are more things in the mind that are not Jan 1, 2014 · Chalmers D Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Facing up to the problem of consciousness -- How can we construct a science of consciousness? -- What is a neural correlate of consciousness? Th e easy problems of con-sciousness are those that seem directly susceptible to the standard methods of cognitive science, whereby a phenomenon is explained in terms of computational or neural mecha-nisms. J Conscious Stud 2:200–219. The behaviorist movement in psychol- デイビッド・ジョン・チャーマーズ (David John Chalmers、1966年 4月20日 - )は、オーストラリアの哲学者である。 心の哲学 の分野における指導的な哲学者のひとりで、2006年現在 オーストラリア国立大学 の哲学教授であり、同校の意識研究センターの Jan 25, 2022 · In effortless prose David Chalmers explores new ways to think about everything from consciousness to computation, deities to democracy. David J. This is the paper where I introduced the “hard problem” of consciousness. But given what we have seen (and given what Chalmers means by 'logically possible world'), there is then a logically possible world in which something has all Nov 28, 2022 · There has recently been widespread discussion of whether large language models might be sentient. ) Metametaphysics. In Chapter 1, David Chalmers and Kelvin McQueen give a comprehensive introduction to the consciousness-collapse idea and answer the usual objections to the idea. indd 3 10/25/21 3:59 PM Chalmers rightly accepts what Kripke says about 'pain'in Naming and Necessity: the primary inten sion, the reference-fixer,of 'consciousness'is consciousness itself. We presented versions of this work starting in August 2013 and circulated slides for . He replies to many critics of The Conscious Mind, and then develops a positive theory in new directions. Along the way, the book develops many provocative ideas: the “consciousness meter,” the Garden of Eden as a model of perceptual experience, and The Matrix as a guide to the In The Conscious Mind Chalmers argues that (1) the physical does not exhaust the actual, so materialism is false; (2) consciousness is a fundamental fact of nature; (3) science and philosophy should strive towards discovering a fundamental law of consciousness. " ― Scott Sturgeon, author of The Rational Mind "What is real anyway? Exploring This article is part of the theme issue ‘Perceptual consciousness and cognitive access’. ucsc. Applying Bernard Lonergan's (1957/1992, 1972) analysis of intentional consciousness and its concomitant epistemol-ogy, this paper highlights epistemological confusion in contemporary consciousness studies as exemplifi ed mostly in David Chalmers's (1996) position. Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness David J. Thinker: David Chalmers Event: Merlin Mini-Drive-In Date: January 2019 Topic: Consciousness Brief Bio/Summary Australian philosopher and cognitive scientist specializing in philosophy of mind and philosophy of language. Jan 23, 2024 · David Chalmers has distinguished the “hard” and the “easy” problem of consciousness, arguing that progress on the “easy problem”—on pinpointing the physical/neural correlates of consciousness—will not necessarily involve progress on the hard problem—on explaining why consciousness, in the first place, emerges from physical processing. Some ideas along the way: the “consciousness meter”, the Garden of Eden as a model of perceptual experience, and The Matrix as a guide to the deepest philosophical problems about Now, in The Conscious Mind, philosopher David J. Chalmers adalah seorang neurosaintis sekaligus filsuf. In this paper, I first isolate the truly hard part of the problem, separating it from more tractable parts and giving an account of why it is so difficult to explain. Jan 1, 2003 · Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction1 The Problem Arguments Against Materialism Type-A Materialism Type-B Materialism15 The Two-Dimensional Argument Against Type-B Materialis ture, and to speculate that this nature may involve consciousness, thereby endorsing panpsychism. Chalmers The Meta-Problem of Consciousness The meta-problem of consciousness is (to a first approximation) the problem of explaining why we think that there is a problem of consciousness. Continuous collapse dynamics. Aug 1, 2023 · In 1998, neuroscientist Christof Koch bet philosopher David Chalmers that it would be known by 2023 how the brain achieves consciousness. Chalmers, Department of Philosophy, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. David Chalmers has contributed extensively to various philosophical domains, but here we’ll focus on his most ground-breaking ideas: Nov 27, 1997 · In The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory, David Chalmers introduces the notion of the hard problem of consciousness. The initial problem is the hard problem of consciousness: why and how do physical processes in the brain Our consciousness is a fundamental aspect of our existence, says philosopher David Chalmers: “There’s nothing we know about more directly…. Keywords: David Chalmers, naturalistic dualism, consciousness, neo-Cartesian trend 1. Experimental tests. Chalmers calls the hard problem: a David J. Consciousness and the Collapse of the Wave Function∗. : Oxford University Press USA (2002) original: Chalmers, David J. 9–10, 2018, pp. Chalmers . After sketching his background in mathe-matics, science, and philosophy, he describes the problems of consciousness and his collaboration with neuroscientists. Dec 13, 2007 · Consciousness fits uneasily into our conception of the natural world. I distinguish between the easy problems and the hard problem, and I argue that the hard problem eludes conventional methods of explanation. He is the author of The Ego Tunnel and Being No One (MIT Press), the coeditor of Open MIND, and the editor of Neural Correlates of Consciousness (both MIT Press). Chalmers David Chalmers is a philosopher who studies consciousness. He also discusses the roles of neuroscience and philosophy in studying consciousness consciousness, or is it explained by something deeper? Further, the unity of consciousness may put strong constraints on a theory of consciousness. David Chalmers: The Hard Problem of Consciousness 431 Chalmers is an Australian philosopher specializing in Mar 17, 2017 · The easy problems of consciousness are those that seem directly susceptible to the standard methods of cognitive science, whereby a phenomenon is explained in terms of computational or neural mechani Aug 2, 2011 · David Chalmers, The Character of Consciousness, Oxford University Press, 2010, 596pp. Chalmers, ed) Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings (Oxford, 2002). I critique some recent work that uses reductive methods to address consciousness, and argue that such methods inevitably fail to come to grips FACING UP TO THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS* David J. McQueen‡. Hutto published The Character of Consciousness by David J. David Chalmers is a superb writer. In 1998, neuroscientist Christof Koch bet philosopher David Chalmers that the mechanism by which the brain’s neurons produce consciousness would be To make progress on the problem of consciousness, we have to confront it directly. View Chalmers - Problem of Consciousness. There is nothing even approaching an orthodox theory of why there is consciousness in the first place. processes give rise to consciousness. Department of Philosophy University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721 [email protected] Published in the Journal of Consciousness Studies 4(1):3-46. Why were you initially drawn to philosophy of mind? Growing up, I was a mathematics and science geek. †New York University ‡Chapman University. g. I read everything I could in these areas. xiii, emphasis). Chalmers 1 Introduction Panpsychism, the view that fundamental physical entities have conscious experiences, is an excit-ing and promising view for addressing the mind–body problem. Integrated information theory. Is the Hard Problem of Consciousness Universal? David J. If you look at the brain from the outside, you see this extraordinary machine: an organ consisting of 84 billion neurons that fire in synchrony with each other. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 25, No. Consciousness and the Collapse of the Wave Function∗ David J. pdf from PHIL 300 at American River College. Elsewhere (Chalmers 1996; Chalmers and Jackson 2001) I have argued that given a complete catalogue of physical facts about the world, supplemented by a complete catalogue of facts about consciousness, a Laplacean super-being could, in principle, deduce all the Journal of Consciousness Studies 2(3):200-19, 1995. Another useful way to avoid confusion (used by, e. 660: Chalmers pursues an idea that most other writers on consciousness have ignored, either because they haven’t thought clearly enough to notice it or because they were terrified of acknowledging it. David Chalmers. Chalmers† and Kelvin J. Chalmers Department of Philosophy University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721. The prevailing view was that science, which depends on ob-jectivity, could not accommodate some-thing as subjective as consciousness. Consciousness is not the same as self-consciousness. David Chalmers Oleh Reza A. There is nothing that we know more intimately than conscious experience, but there is clusion depends on the primary intension of 'C'. Reality+ shows time and again how familiar topics take on interesting new forms when viewed through the lens of virtual reality. David Chalmers coined the name “hard problem” (1995, 1996), but the problem is not wholly new, being a key element of the venerable mind-body problem. Simple versions of the theory are falsified by the Oct 7, 2010 · The book includes original accounts of how we think and know about consciousness, of the unity of consciousness, and of how consciousness relates to the external world. Second, I respond to nonreductive critiques, including those that argue that the problems of consciousness Along the way, Chalmers develops many provocative ideas: the “consciousness meter”, the Garden of Eden as a model of perceptual experience, and The Matrix as a guide to the deepest philosophical problems about consciousness and the external world. In June, Koch agreed that Chalmers had won the wager This paper addresses some key questions about computation and its role in cognitive science. Chalmers offers a cogent analysis of this heated debate as he unveils a major new theory of consciousness, one that rejects the prevailing reductionist trend of science, while offering provocative insights into the relationship between mind and brain. Every now and then, something would point in a philosophical direction. , the subjective and Jun 26, 2023 · David Chalmers (left) and Christof Koch met on 23 June in New York City to settle up their bet. The centerpiece of it is a quantity, a mathematical quantity he calls phi, which is a measure of Feb 15, 2016 · Excerpts from David Chalmers, ‘The hard problem of consciousness’, in The Norton Introduction to Philosophy, edited by Gideon Rosen, Alex Byrne, Joshua Cohen, and Seana Shiffrin (Norton, 2015). McQueen‡ †New York University ‡Chapman University May 7, 2021 Abstract Does consciousness collapse the quantum wave function? This idea was taken seriously by John von Neumann and Eugene Wigner but is now widely dismissed. INTRODUCTION David Chalmers introduced Kripke’s argument against Physicalism, which is generally known as the zombie argument, and have it as the evidence of the failure of, at least the current version of, Physicalism. 1 Just as metacognition is cognition about cognition, and a meta- Consciousness Bulletin, University of Arizona, 1999. Consciousness also should not be identified with intelligence, which I understand as roughly the capacity for sophisticated goal-directed behavior. By locating the neurons in the cerebral cortex that correlate best with consciousness, and figuring out how they link to neurons elsewhere in the brain, we may come across key insights into what David J. One hypothesis is that it enhanced evolutionary fitness to believe in a god, perhaps because this belief gave special motivation for action. Chalmers Philosophy Program Research School of Social Sciences Australian National University 1 Brains in Vats The Matrix presents a version of an old philosophical fable: the brain in a vat. CHALMERS The Conscious Mind The Character of Consciousness Constructing the World Reality+_txt_final. first became excited by consciousness and the mind-body problem as an undergraduate studying mathematics at the University of Adelaide. edu I: Introduction Consciousness poses the most baffling problems in the science of the mind. So it seems that to find a place for consciousness within the natural order, we must either revise our conception of Buckle up; we’re in for an enlightening ride through the realms of consciousness with David Chalmers as our guide. Equivalently, it is the problem of explain- ALSO BY DAVID J. Chalmers Philosophy Program Research School of Social Sciences Australian National University. Chalmers is best known for formulating what he calls the “hard problem of consciousness”in both his 1995 paper “Facing Chalmers on stage for an Alan Turing Year event at De La Salle University, Manila, 27 March 2012. Dec 16, 2019 · David Chalmers: So Giulio Tononi, an Italian neuroscientist, introduced integrated information theory maybe 15 odd years ago with a mathematical theory of consciousness where he associates consciousness with informational properties of systems. Should we take this idea seriously? I will break down the strongest reasons for and against. xviii + 414 pp. Although its motivating ideas are similar to those behind the classic critiques of physicalism given by Thomas Nagel, Frank Jackson, Joseph Levine, and David Chalmers,1 I am aware of only few contributions with which it shares some core ideas, namely some works on From there, Chalmers moves on (in chs. The easy problems are concerned with the functions and behaviours cases. We argue that Chalmers's argument fails, and that any Everett-style interpretation should be rejected. Jan 25, 2022 · David Chalmers on AI and consciousness (Daniel Bashir, The Gradient Podcast) David Chalmers on the nature of reality (Vasant Dhar, Brave New World) David Chalmers on virtual reality and the simulation argument (Mark Oppenheimer, Brain in a Vat) The digital self and online identity (Antony Funnell, ABC Radio Future Tense) May 5, 2021 · Does consciousness collapse the quantum wave function? This idea was taken seriously by John von Neumann and Eugene Wigner but is now widely dismissed. Chalmers, however, was hopeful that ences make up consciousness: the sub-jective, inner life of the mind. But on the most common conception of consciousness, it is not easy to see how it could be part of the physical world. Introduction. July 3, 2020. of consciousness?” (Chalmers, 1996, emphasis added). Ia merumuskan beberapa prinsip penting di dalam kajian tentang kesadaran. Chalmers. Andy has been an influential figure for me ever since I read his first book Microcognition while I was in graduate school. Warfield, eds) Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Mind (Blackwell, 2003), and in (D. Email: chalmers@ling. Stich and F. Given mainstream assumptions in the science of consciousness, there are significant obstacles to consciousness in current models: for example, their lack of recurrent processing, a global workspace, and Officially I am University Professor of Philosophy and Neural Science and co-director of the Center for Mind, Brain, and Consciousness. Jun 26, 2023 · I first saw Christof Koch, the neuroscientist, and David Chalmers, the philosopher, butt heads in 1994 at a now legendary conference in Tucson, Ariz. Th e hard problems are those that seem to resist those methods. , called Toward a Scientific Basis for The meta-problem of consciousness is (to a first approximation) the problem of explaining why we think that there is a problem of consciousness. Jan 29, 2019 · Chalmers insists that consciousness cannot be explained in functional terms. But given what we have seen (and given what Chalmers means by 'logically possible Mind and Consciousness: Five Questions David J. The In recent years David Chalmers has exposed the most puzzling problem in the philosophy of mind, the so-called hard problem, which is still keeping in check materialistic accounts of consciousness (Chalmers 1995). Is my inner awareness of myself something separate from my body?In what began as a series of essays in The New York Review of Books, John Searle evaluates the positions on consciousness of such well-known scientists and philosophers as Francis Crick, Gerald Edelman, Roger Penrose, Daniel Dennett, David Chalmers, and Israel Rosenfield. Jan 1, 2012 · PDF | On Jan 1, 2012, Daniel D. Chalmers The hard problem of consciousness is the problem of explaining how and why physical pro-cesses give rise to consciousness. May 3, 2022 · In the 1990s, David Chalmers famously distinguished between the ‘hard’ and ‘easy’ problems of consciousness 164. This paper is an overview of issues concerning the metaphysics of consciousness. The hard question is not the hard problem David Chalmers (‘Facing up to the hard problem of consciousness’ [1]) focused the attention of people researching consciousness by drawing a distinction of consciousness. This paper is a response to the commentaries in the Journal of Consciousness Studies on my paper "Facing Up to the Problem of The quantum mind or quantum consciousness is a group of hypotheses proposing that local physical laws and interactions from classical mechanics or connections between neurons alone cannot explain consciousness, [1] positing instead that quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as entanglement and superposition that cause nonlocalized quantum effects, interacting in smaller features of the brain than In (Chalmers, Manley, and Wasserman, eds. Writing The Conscious Mind was an act of courage, and Chalmers was no doubt emboldened by a well-founded confidence that he could state his argument In his book, The Conscious Mind, David Chalmers argues that his theory of consciousness can lend support to the Everett “no collapse” interpretation of quantum mechanics. University Professor of Philosophy, New York University. Superselection and the Zeno problem. Includes bibliographical references (pages 569-585) and index. A Wattimena, Pendiri Rumah Filsafat, Peneliti Filsafat dan Teori Transformasi Kesadaran Abstrak Tulisan ini ingin menjabarkan pemikiran David Chalmers tentang kesadaran. 1 Just as metacognition is cognition about cognition, and a metatheory is a theory about theories, the metaproblem is a problem about a problem. I give an account of what it takes for a physical system to implement a given computation (in terms of abstract patterns of causal organization), and use this account to defend “strong artificial intelligence” and justify the centrality of computational explanation in cognitive science. , bibliography and index. Topics covered are the Hard and Soft problems of consciousness, Chalmers, David J. Contents. This paper is a defense of a broadly Carnapian deflationism about ontological questions. 1. Chalmers, Oxford University Press, New York, 1996. Chalmers begins by asking why ‘physical processing in the brain give[s] rise to a conscious inner life: consciousness of shapes, colors, sounds Nov 1, 2023 · David J. Chalmers 1. John Searle says something similar: “How exactly do neurobiological processesinthebraincause consciousness?”(Searle,2017,p. Neural correlates of consciousness: Empirical and conceptual questions, 17-39, 2000. Chalmers | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate a. David J. Chalmers Why do people believe that God exists? One sort of answer is in evolutionary or psychological terms. ture, and to speculate that this nature may involve consciousness, thereby endorsing panpsychism. In this article Chalmers explains why he thinks that the study of consciousness implies the resolution of an easy problem on one hand, and a hard problem on the other. (2002) "Consciousness and its place in nature". Fourth, one comes to think that there is little reason to believe in anything beyond consciousness and that the physical world is wholly constituted by consciousness, thereby endorsing idealism. There is nothing that we know more intimately than conscious experience, but there is nothing that is harder to explain. Credit: Jesse Winter for Nature Neuroscience loses consciousness wager Starting with a statement of the "hard problem" of consciousness, Chalmers builds a positive framework for the science of consciousness and a nonreductive vision of the metaphysics of consciousness. The terms "hard problem" and "easy problems" were coined by the philosopher David Chalmers in a 1994 talk given at The Science of Consciousness conference held in Tucson, Arizona. Consciousness as super-resistant. May 23, 2001 · We also find sympathy for panpsychism in David Chalmers’ (1996) The Conscious Mind, and in articles responding to Chalmers by Piet Hut & Roger Shepard, Gregg Rosenberg, and William Seager, all in Shear 1997 (for more on the history of panpsychism see Clark 2004 and Skrbina 2005). If such a convention were widely adopted communication would be much easier; as things Debunking Arguments for Illusionism about Consciousness David J. On the most common conception of nature, the natural world is the physical world. Feb 20, 2021 · Now, in The Conscious Mind, philosopher David J. , Newell 1990; Chalmers 1996) is to reserve the term “consciousness” for the phenomena of experience, using the less loaded term “awareness” for the more straightforward phenomena described earlier. Chalmers It’s a pleasure to contribute to this volume honoring Andy Clark. He is a professor of philosophy and neural science at New York University , as well as co-director of NYU's Center for Mind, Brain and Consciousness (along Our consciousness is a fundamental aspect of our existence, says philosopher David Chalmers: “There’s nothing we know about more directly…. The scientist has arranged that the brain will be PDF | David Chalmers appears to assume that we can meaningfully discuss what goes on in human heads without paying any attention to the words in which | Find, read and cite all the research you Jan 23, 2024 · The philosopher David Chalmers influentially distinguished the so-called hard problem of consciousness from the so-called easy problem(s) of consciousness: Whereas empirical science will enable us to elaborate an increasingly detailed picture about how physical processes underlie mental processes—called the “easy” problem—the reason why conscious experience, i. 6–61 David J. Neuroscience is gradually discovering various neural correlates of consciousness, but this research program largely takes the existence of consciousness for granted. Correspondingly, By David J. Conversations with a number of people, especially Paul Barter, Jon Bax- Mar 14, 2021 · xxvii, 596 pages : 24 cm. Chalmers 1 Introduction1 What happens when machines become more intelligent than humans? One view is that this event will be followed by an explosion to ever-greater levels of intelligence, as each generation of ma-chines creates more intelligent machines in turn. In Chalmers, David John, Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings, pp. Chalmers rightly accepts what Kripke says about 'pain' in Naming and Necessity: the primary inten-sion, the reference-fixer, of 'consciousness' is consciousness itself. At the same time, Chalmers is integrated information theory, in which consciousness is quantified with a mathematical measure of integrated information. This intelligence explosion is now often known as the “singularity”. I’m also Honorary Professor of Philosophy at the Australian National University and co-director of the PhilPapers Foundation . If consciousness is necessarily unified, then a correct theory of consciousness should at least be compatible with this unity, and we can hope that it will explain this unity. Themetaphysicalframe-work that I develop in Chapter 2 owes much to the work of Terry Horgan, Saul Kripke, and David Lewis, among others, and Frank Jackson has independently developed a very similar Thomas Metzinger was Full Professor of Theoretical Philosophy at the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. First, I respond to deflationary critiques, including those that argue that there is no "hard" problem of consciousness or that it can be accommodated within a materialist framework. Chalmers Our article "Consciousness and the Collapse of the Wave Function", by David Chalmers and Kelvin McQueen, is due to be published in the volume Consciousness and Quantum Mechanics, edited by Shan Gao, forthcoming from Oxford University Press most likely in 2022. Chalmers makes the case that a science of consciousness should not try to explain consciousness in terms of more fundamental things, but rather should treat consciousness as a fundamental element of reality alongside others. The strength of Chalmers book is in philosophically relating different kinds of theoretical approaches to consciousness and especially explaining why a reductionist explanation is unsatisfactory. In this short paper I argue that the task of a science of consciousness is to connect third-person data about brain and behavior to first-person data about conscious experience, and I discuss the difficult question of how we might investigate and represent first-person data. [email protected] [[Published in (S. 1 Introduction. ” He shares some ways to think about the movie playing in our heads. Subjective experience and objective behavior are quite different things, though there may be relations David John Chalmers (/ ˈ tʃ ɑː l m ər z /) [1] is an Australian philosopher and cognitive scientist specializing in the areas of the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. I make sense of a version of Carnap’s internal/external distinction as the distinction between ordinary and ontological existence assertions. The starting point of the argument I shall set out here is that the brain does not “produce” or “cause” consciousness. He is able to make the subject of consciousness interesting, even to the nonphilosopher, because of his talent to address the topic in a style that is admirably clear. Now, in The Conscious Mind, philosopher David J. any view of consciousness must embrace some consciousness—the processes in the brain that are most directly responsible for consciousness. Consciousness poses the most baffling problems in the science of the mind. The meta-problem of consciousness is the problem of explaining why there seems to be a hard problem of consciousness. Summary – Philosophies and Ideologies. Chalmers 1 Introduction Panpsychism, taken literally, is the doctrine that everything has a mind. I have argued in “Panpsychism and Panprotopsychism” that it promises to share the advantages of both materialism and dualism and the disadvantages of The book includes accounts of how we think and know about consciousness, of the unity of consciousness, and of how consciousness relates to the external world. This paper is a response to the 26 commentaries on my paper "Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness". A few David Chalmers and the Hard Problem of Consciousness Stanley James Mindbuilding Seminar Winter Semester 2003 University of Osnabrück The philosophy of David Chalmers is described and critiqued, with emphasis on what it means for the field of Artificial Intelligence. cnenva xltlr nziluu itjwh wupwi clojnf bwjagq gqnk kquwwx pwskq