From pil import image imagedraw. Sep 5, 2019 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. shape pos = (20, h - 25) # position to place the content (width_offset, height_offset) # I decided to place it at bottom-left cv2. I find the description from doc: Direction of the text. These classes let you open images, draw on them, and define fonts. Draw (im) # 描画オブジェクトを生成 Jun 16, 2024 · # import all the libraries from PIL import Image from PIL import ImageFont from PIL import ImageDraw # image opening image = Image. :param im: The image to draw in. from PIL import Image, ImageTk import tkinter as tk from tkinter. request import urlopen TINT_COLOR = (0, 0, 0) # Black TRANSPARENCY = . Having a different name for the library and the Python module is unusual, but this is what was chosen for (some versions of) PIL. pyplot as plt # The folliwing line is useful in Jupyter notebook %matplotlib inline # Open your file image using the path img = Image. Return type: Image (Returns a rectangular regio # Importing Image and ImageDraw from PIL from PIL import Image, ImageDraw # Opening the image to # be used and displaying it img = Image. This library provides extensive file format support, an efficient internal representation, and fairly powerful image processing capabilities. 04 and I have started python 2. png') draw = ImageDraw. See full list on geeksforgeeks. 50 font = ImageFont Jan 31, 2011 · I think you're misunderstanding how ImageDraw works. Apr 27, 2023 · I tried Arial, Wingdings and other fonts but can't get the tickmark printed on my image. Oct 1, 2013 · This is an issue with your installation: Image module have been installed as subpackage of a PIL module, while the library you are using expects Image module to be directly in the python path. Feb 2, 2021 · Pillow supports drawing text on your images in addition to shapes. py. truetype でフォント種、文字サイズを指定した上で Draw オブジェクトに対して ImageDraw. Syntax: PIL. ttf " # フォントファイル fontSize = 24 # フォントサイズ im = Image. It's probably not too hard to figure out where my system fonts are loc. jpg" output = "frame_edit_0. Matplotlib relies on the Pillow library to load image data. truetype("arial. For example to open and display an image we can use the following code: from PIL import Image # Open an image Feb 7, 2024 · What is PIL/ImageDraw? PIL (Python Imaging Library) is a powerful library for working with images in Python. Draw(image) _, _, w, h = draw. filter(ImageFilter. ttf', size=30); I guess the font location is registered in Windows registry. text((2, 2), text, fill=1, font=font) image = np. save('test. Simplest solution is to replace: import Image with: from PIL import Image in file qrcode/image/pil. and some amazing filter options. org Apr 19, 2017 · imd. You could wrap up the steps in a function. Draw(im) font = ImageFont. :param mode: Optional mode to use for color values. Draw(img) ImageDrawオブジェクトは線や矩形、円（楕円）、テキスト等を描画する為のいろいろなメソッドをサポートしており、Imageオブジェクトに対し インプ Jun 30, 2021 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. png ") # 画像を開く dr = ImageDraw. Aug 31, 2020 · PIL doesn't provide an easy way to draw an arrow, so I would suggest converting your PIL Image to a NumPy array and using OpenCV, or Matplotlib, or Cairo, or Wand, to draw an arrow on it then converting back to a PIL Image: #!/usr/bin/env python3 import cv2 import numpy as np from PIL import Image # Create an empty solid blue image w, h = 640 Jan 28, 2022 · 文字を描画する際の手順は、最初に Image オブジェクトを作成、さらに Draw オブジェクトを作成する。 ImageFont. pyplot as plt for img,labels in train_data_loader: # load a batch from train data break # this converts it from GPU to CPU and selects first image img = img. png') I wonder if there is a faster way to do it. register_extensions (id: str, extensions: list [str]) → None [source Sep 4, 2023 · i also tried using the textsize attribute in another code just to make sure from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont b = Image. new('RGBA', (400, 400), (0, 255, 0, 255)) draw = ImageDraw. You will be able to understand some image manipulation methods with Python including basic editing options such as crop, save, resize etc. Draw(img) # Draw on Jan 7, 2024 · Pillow isn’t just for creating new images; it’s incredibly powerful when used to manipulate existing ones: # Open an existing image original_image = Image. save('blurred_image. Sample script: from __future__ import print_function. ImageDraw is a module within PIL that provides functions for drawing shapes and text on images. If the mode is 1, they are filled. Draw(im) source: pillow_imagedraw. load('helvR24. setfill(fill)¶ 1. from PIL import Image import matplotlib. PIL uses its own font file format to store bitmap fonts, limited to 256 characters. extension – An extension used for this format. Pillow uses its own font file format to store bitmap fonts, limited to 256 characters. PIL uses its own font file format to store bitmap fonts. png') img. frombuffer() Nov 21, 2019 · The Pillow ImageFont documentation has a few examples of using different fonts, but they don't work "out of the box" on a Mac. textbbox((0, 0), message Oct 16, 2021 · This is my code: from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont image = Image. pil") draw. ttf', size=10) Can I do something Feb 6, 2021 · pillowは開発が停止したPIL(Python Image Library)からフォークされました。そのため、PILからimportするのです。 今回importするモジュールは、後述するように、”Image”と”ImageDraw”です。 from PIL import Image from PIL import ImageDraw 矩形を画像に描画し保存 Instances of this class store bitmap fonts, and are used with the PIL. Good luck figuring out the exact coordinates to use - my cold-fogged brain isn't up to it right now. rounded_rectangle([(50, 40 Importing image data into Numpy arrays#. Draw Dec 16, 2021 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw class TextWrapper(object): """ Helper class to wrap text in lines, based on given text, font and max allowed line width. 取得文字的邊框大小: Image from Ref Apr 13, 1996 · If omitted, the mode # defaults to the mode of the image. png") # Create a new white image with 1440x900 dimensions new_image = Image. constants import * canvas_width, canvas_height from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont import io import re import base64 # base64化された画像データを用意 data = "data:image/png; Jul 28, 2024 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw from io import BytesIO import ipywidgets def explore_call(width, height, foo, bar): # some very important computation essential_value ImageDraw Module¶. ImageDraw(PIL. ) from datetime import datetime from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageTk from random import randint, randrange # Create random indicator images. line((x[i],y[i], x[i+1], y[i+1]),fill=0,width=2) im. It can be ‘rtl’ (right to left), ‘ltr’ (left to right), ‘ttb’ (top to bottom) or ‘btt’ (bottom to top). You can use pilfont. Canvas, for display; that is irrelevant / for presentation purposes. copy # Image is converted into editable form using # Draw function and assigned to draw draw = ImageDraw. new('RGB', (255, 255)) # Draw red and yellow triangles on it and save draw Aug 2, 2019 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. outline except: Outline = None ## # (Experimental) A more advanced 2D drawing interface for PIL images Apr 8, 2024 · Import "PIL" could not be resolved from source Pylance (reportMissingModuleSource) [Ln 1, Col 8] Import "PIL. transpose Jun 28, 2024 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. I do not need to save the image though but feed it in a pipeline that only works with Image but not with ImageDraw. py from pillow-scripts to convert BDF and PCF font descriptors (X window font formats) to this format. new("L", size, "black") draw = ImageDraw. width - existing_image. import PILasOPENCV as Image # was: from PIL import Image. new(). otf", 22) draw. 4 community edition on Ubuntu 18. The ImageGrab module can be used to copy the contents of the screen or the clipboard to a PIL image memory. setink(ink)¶ 1. dev0 documentation; ここでは以下の内容について説明する。 Pillow(PIL)のImageDrawで図形を描画する流れ Oct 22, 2014 · what that worked for me: go to the fodler . We can use the line (), rectangle (), ellipse (), text () and other methods to draw various elements on the image. The core image library is designed for fast access to data stored in a few basic pixel formats. load("arial. open('existing_image. open('hsvwheel. May 21, 2022 · ImageDraw Module — Pillow (PIL Fork) 9. In this tutorial we will take a closer look at PIL module and discover some of its powerful features. putText( img, content Oct 7, 2017 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw im = Image. open ("image. [docs] defDraw(im:Image. line([100,100,150,200 An image. from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont def create_image(size, bgColor, message, font, fontColor): W, H = size image = Image. That is too much I/O usage. or. Adding Basic Text to an Image. Please let me know what am I doing wrong? Code: from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter Aug 2, 2019 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. array(im) affine_tf = tf PIL. open(imgFile) draw = ImageDraw. Draw your polygon on it (with full colour). core. I want to add a feature where each individual letter in the captcha string is rotated on the image to make it a more difficult captcha. grayscale (image: Image) → Image [source] ¶ Convert the image to grayscale. from PIL import ImageDraw, ImageFont. The typical import statements for the Pillow are: from PIL import Image. Here's the image we're going to play with: It's a 24-bit RGB PNG image (8 bits for each of R, G, B). Image" could not be resolved from source Pylance (reportMissingModuleSource) [Ln 1, Col 8] # Make sure the correct Python interpreter is selected in your IDE In this step-by-step tutorial, you'll learn how to use the Python Pillow library to deal with images and perform image processing. The ImageDraw module provides simple 2D graphics for Image objects. Nov 2, 2018 · # ImageDrawモジュールのインポート >>> from PIL import ImageDraw #ImageDrawオブジェクトの生成 >>> d = ImageDraw. getsize() is the function that tells you how large the rendered text is. copy() Parameters: no arguments Returns:An image object # Importing Image module fr Mar 24, 2014 · I would like to add Russian text to the image. new(“RGB I am using python to generate token as security measure. Here, create a solid image with Image. Shifting Images 黒い背景に左上・右下の角の座標(50, 40), (200, 160)、角のR30pixel、線幅5pixelの角の丸い四角形を描画。 from PIL import Image, ImageDraw # Imageオブジェクト作成 im = Image. 0. When I write the code in Windows, this code can load the font file just fine: ImageFont. grabclipboard() Parameters: n Jul 27, 2020 · The resulting images are drawn to a tk. img = Image. jpg") # creating a copy of original image watermark_image = image. Draw. Jun 12, 2024 · If you previously tried to the import PIL directly we should update your import statement to the use the correct module name. jpg" font = ImageFont. The (x,y) points are in drawing order, so maybe using Image. cpu(). Jul 17, 2018 · Like this: from PIL import Image,ImageDraw # Create empty black canvas im = Image. Follow edited Dec 28, 2023 at 5:15. The mode, size, and fill color are specified in parameters. Draw(image Jul 18, 2017 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw WHITE = (255, 255, 255) BLUE = "#0000ff" RED = "#ff0000" MyImage = Image. Aug 20, 2015 · You can open an image using the Image class from the package PIL and display it with plt. crop(box = None)Parameters: box - a 4-tuple defining the left, upper, right, and lower pixel coordinate. from PIL import ImageFont, ImageDraw, Image image = Image. text() method. (The images themselves are in the requested format. def Draw (im, mode = None): try: return im. Internally no PIL or Pillow library is used anymore but the opencv and numpy module for doing all the graphical work. new ("RGB", (16, 16), "#f9f9f9") # create new Image dctx = ImageDraw. The Image module provides a class with the same name which is used to represent a PIL image. new("RGB", (500, 200), "white") draw = ImageDraw. 7 project and using the IDE settings -> Project Interpreter I have installed Pillow but whenever I try: fr from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageOps Method 1: Adding Photo Frames with ImageOps. Since import Image works for you, this means that you have in fact installed PIL. answered Oct 28, 2014 · import sys import string import re from PIL import Image It chokes on the 4th line every time with the message: ImportError: No module named PIL. 5 版后已移除. Return type: Image (Returns a rectangular regio 简介ImageDraw 模块也是 Pillow 库的主要模块之一，它能给图像化圆弧，画横线，写上文字等。 引入 ImageDraw 模块 from PIL import Image, ImageDraw # 引入 ImageDraw 需要对图像进行Draw操作，首先需要创建 Draw… Sep 15, 2022 · Pythonの画像処理ライブラリPillow(PIL)を用いて画像上に文字（テキスト）を描画する方法について、フォントの設定方法とあわせて説明する。 画像に文字（テキスト）を描画: ImageDraw. new("RGB", (1440, 900), (255, 255, 255)) # Calculate the center position for the existing image x = (new_image. polygon` """ self. I have also tried replacing the fourth line with. text メソッドを用いることで文字が描画がされる。 Jun 14, 2018 · import numpy as np from PIL import ImageFont, ImageDraw, Image import cv2 import charade def _add_watermark_ascii(img, content: str, color: tuple, export_path: str = ""): h, w, channels = img. This is really useful for getting size, channels and many other things. Returns: An image. import PILasOPENCV as Image. open('C:\\Users\\User\\Downloads\\marple. import Image instead of import PIL (PIL is in fact not always imported this way). truetype(filename='msyhbd. jpg') input_text = 'Hey gys' font = 'C:\\Windows Feb 6, 2018 · Pillowは、開発が停止しているPIL(Python Image Library)からフォークされた画像処理ライブラリ。 OpenCVのようにコンピュータービジョン系の高度な画像処理（顔検出やオプティカルフローなど）はできないが、リサイ Mar 5, 2017 · Try this code below. 25 # Degree of transparency Jan 29, 2017 · Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand May 9, 2018 · @xyl576807077 I think I can't help you because I meet the same problem when I use parameter direction. It’s important Jul 23, 2021 · PIL's Image module provides a blend method. register_extension (id: str, extension: str) → None [source] ¶ Registers an image extension. Return type: Image (Returns a rectangular regio Apr 25, 2017 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw from io import BytesIO from urllib. On some installs of PIL, you must do. textsize("e", font="ARIAL. For a more advanced drawing library for PIL, see the aggdraw module. #!/usr/bin/env python3 from PIL import Image, ImageDraw # Create a black 600x200 image img = Image. I really need ImageDraw ImageDraw Module¶. Draw(MyImage) # Note: Odd line widths work better for this algorithm, # even though the effect might not be noticeable at larger line widths LineWidth = 41 MyDraw. Draw(im) for i in range(len(x)-1): draw. For RGB images, this argument can be RGB or RGBA (to blend the drawing into the image). 4. putdata() could help? Python PIL ImageDraw. Parameters: image – The image to flip. Create a second image the same size as your first, with a black background. invert ImageDraw Module#. text()基本的な使い方複数行の Deprecation Warning: textsize is deprecated and will be removed in Pillow 10 (2023-07-01). Try something like this instead: import numpy as np import matplotlib. Image) and has many methods with the same name but is not actually the same as PIL. Apr 23, 2016 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw im = Image. Draw(image) draw. You can use this module to create new images, annotate or retouch existing images, and to generate graphics on the fly for web use. So I do not want to save the ImageDraw to the hard drive just to read it again as an Image. Sets the fill mode. ImageOps. import Image also with no success. The ImageDraw module provide simple 2D graphics for Image objects. Draw(img) #get the size of Jul 11, 2019 · from PIL import Image. im (as in PIL. import PIL. render ("polygon", xy, * options) Feb 23, 2016 · Draw text into a temporary blank image, rotate that, then paste that onto the original image. imshow directly. for the answer. Have a look here for an example. show() 输出. getdraw (mode) except AttributeError: return ImageDraw (im, mode) # experimental access to the outline API try: Outline = Image. show() Basically using ImageDraw draw over the image, then display that image after changes, to draw a thick line pass width You aren't looking at actual font files in the control panel (explorer magically turns into the font viewer control panel when in the Windows/fonts folder as well), they are grouped by family for your convenience. open (" img_2. text((10, 10), "hello", font=font) # use a truetype font font = ImageFont. PIL. flip (image: Image) → Image [source] ¶ Flip the image vertically (top to bottom). new('RGB', size, bgColor) draw = ImageDraw. Parameters: image – The image to convert. Nov 30, 2017 · Pythonの画像処理ライブラリPillow(PIL)のImageDrawモジュールに、円や四角、直線などの図形を描画するメソッドが多数用意されている。 ImageDraw Module — Pillow (PIL Fork) 4. ttf", 15) draw. from PIL import Image # Load the existing image existing_image = Image. 7 on Windows machine. 1 documentation text を使って愚直に文字を書き込んでいってもいいのですが、 multiline_text を使っても実現できます。 コードはこちら。 Oct 10, 2023 · I am working on a project that involves generating captcha images using Python's Pillow (PIL) library. We can use the ImageDraw module in Pillow to create a drawing object and then use various methods of this object to draw on the image. numpy()[0] #convert image back to Height,Width,Channels img = np. Using Python’s ImageDraw module we can draw square shapes on any image and any coordinate on that image. Use textbbox or textlength instead. Draw(im) # Drawオブジェクトに角の丸い四角形を描画 draw. If the mode is 0, subsequently drawn shapes (like polygons and rectangles) are outlined. # First import libraries. Return type: Image (Returns a rectangular regio Dec 7, 2003 · def polygon (self, xy, * options): """ Draws a polygon. open("existing_image. 7 and Python 2. The module also provides a number of factory functions, including functions to load images from files, and to create new images. Since PIL compiled without libfreetype library, I use the following on development server: font_text = ImageFont. This function should not be used in application code. truetype('Roboto-Regular. 有时候，我们可能已经在代码中使用了名为”Image”的变量或函数，这会导致无法使用PIL库的Image Jun 21, 2021 · thanks. . copy() method copies the image to another image object, this method is useful when we need to copy the image but also retain the original. grabclipboard() Parameters: n from PIL import Image from PIL import ImageDraw from PIL import ImageFont text = " Hello,World! " # 描画したい文字 fontFile = " Menlo-Regular. text((0, 0), 'Текст на русском', font=font_text) Dec 23, 2013 · I am trying to draw a simple circle and save this to a file using the Python Imaging Library: import Image, ImageDraw image = Image. Sets the color to use for subsequent draw and fill operations. Return type: Image (Returns a rectangular regio Square is a geometric shape with 4 equal sides and 4 right angles (90 degrees) between them. Image)) returns something like it (PIL. Code using textbbox instead of textsize. Draw(image) # use a bitmap font font = ImageFont. height) // 2 # Paste 如果已经安装了Pillow库，而不是PIL库，那么需要将上述导入语句更改为： from PIL import Image 只要确保安装了正确的库，基本上就不会出现问题。 原因二：名称冲突. Image,mode:str|None=None)->ImageDraw:""" A simple 2D drawing interface for PIL images. Parameters: id – An image format identifier. and export / import PIL with numpy is also super annoying. ttf", 30) text = "SEQ_00100_SHOT_0004_FR_0001" textColor = 'white' shadowColor = 'black' outlineAmount = 3 #open image img = Image. new('RGB', (600, 400), WHITE) MyDraw = ImageDraw. crop() method is used to crop a rectangular portion of any image. text((10, 25), "world Apr 7, 2019 · So, here is an example of how to draw on an image with PIL, then convert it to a Numpy array and do some processing on it, then convert it back to a PIL Image. grabclipboard() method takes a snapshot of the clipboard image, if any. I use PIL 1. ImageDraw. Let’s start with a simple example that adds text to an existing image: Jul 30, 2021 · from PIL import Image Share. 2. outline except: Outline = None ## # (Experimental) A more advanced 2D drawing interface for PIL images Mar 22, 2019 · I am using Pycharm 2018. 1. – acw1668. ImageGrab. It provides a wide range of features for loading, manipulating, and saving various image file formats. from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont # Create a blank image with white background image = Image. png') # Apply a blur filter blurred_image = original_image. Jul 14, 2019 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. to. Apr 13, 1996 · If omitted, the mode # defaults to the mode of the image. The polygon outline consists of straight lines between the given coordinates, plus a straight line between the last and the first coordinate seealso:: :py:meth:`PIL. new('L', (256, 256), 255) draw = ImageDraw. Jan 7, 2024 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont. from PIL import Image, ImageDraw # drawing single point on large canvas is not visible for human's eye, # so this demo use very small canvas and later resize it. font. imxitiz. open(<path_to_image>) # Since plt knows how to handle instance of the Image class, just Nov 5, 2015 · import numpy as np from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont from skimage import transform as tf def create_captcha(text, shear=0, size=(100,24)): im = Image. new('RGB', (500, 300), (128, 128, 128)) draw = ImageDraw. You can use the :command`pilfont` utility to convert BDF and PCF font descriptors (X window font formats) to this format. Basically: You need an instance of ImageDraw if you want to draw something complicated on your PIL Image; You still need to keep your PIL image in some variable; ImageDraw paints directly on the image you've given it during construction time Aug 2, 2019 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. open("spotted_bianco. truetype(r"Coval. Syntax:Image. Draw(b) c, d = a. Draw(image) txt = "Hello World" fontsize = 1 # starting font size # portion of image width you want text width to be img_fraction = 0. You can create a new image using PIL’s new method as below. pil') draw. Image. Instances of this class store bitmap fonts, and are used with the PIL. im = Image. C:\Users\{YOUR PC USER NAME}\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\Lib\site-packages and either delete or change the name of the PIL folder and DONE. new('RGB', (600, 200)) # Get a drawing handle draw = ImageDraw. The ImageDraw module provides simple 2D graphics for Image objects. Jan 30, 2019 · from PIL import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw frame = Image. width) // 2 y = (new_image. May 14, 2019 · from PIL import Image, ImageDraw im = Image. 输出的图像如下. line((100,200, 150,300), fill=128) im. 要在图像上绘制文本要用到 PIL 的两个模块：ImageDraw和ImageFont。 ImageDraw 用于创建绘图对象，ImageFont用于加载字体，可以在这里进行字体下载。不下载也可以使用默认字体。 绘制文本只需四步就行了，直接上代… Aug 2, 2019 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. open('img_path. new("RGBA",(220,20),(255,255,255)) image Mar 1, 2018 · You can use PIL image but you're not actually loading the data as you would normally. You'll also explore using NumPy for further processing, including to create animations. line() PIL是Python成像库，它为Python解释器提供了图像编辑功能。ImageDraw模块为图像对象提供简单的2D图形。 Apr 3, 2015 · I am rather new to python and have a problem with the save function of the of PIL when I want run the following code #!/usr/bin/env python import ImageFont import Image import ImageDraw from PIL May 14, 2022 · You can use Pillow ImageDraw module. jpg") a = ImageDraw. TTF") i tried running it c, d = a. Instead of downloading the font locally and link it to ImageFont. new('RGB', (300, 200), (230, 200, 100)) # Drawオブジェクト作成 draw = ImageDraw. truetyp() to be like this: from pillow import ImageFont font = ImageFont. Aug 27, 2019 · PIL is the Python Imaging Library which provides the python interpreter with image editing capabilities. 我们可以使用 “画图 “方法在图像上绘制形状和数字，首先创建一个 “画图 “对象。 在图像上画一个矩形 Oct 8, 2016 · Correct import for ImageFont is: from PIL import ImageFont Here is an example of ImageFont: from PIL import ImageFont, ImageDraw draw = ImageDraw. Jan 10, 2017 · from PIL import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont import os #setting varibles imgFile = "frame_0. ImageDraw Module¶. new('RGBA', (200, 200)) draw = ImageDraw. Here is the code: from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont image=Image. Improve this answer. Draw(im) draw. 3,977 3 3 gold badges 11 11 silver badges 34 34 bronze badges. BLUR) # Save the blurred image blurred_image. ellip PIL. TTF") ^^^^^ AttributeError: 'ImageDraw' object has no attribute Feb 4, 2011 · You could just increment the font size until you find a fit. open(filename) 2. height - existing_image. png') Dec 2, 2010 · The Python Imaging Library adds image processing capabilities to your Python interpreter. Image as Image. ctxqxqplodawhpvptwcvtlfxjrbrgqzxhvgulfbmabgrzzxzj